![]() The ICF is primarily a solution of potassium and organic anions, proteins etc. If your body has 70% water, ICF is about 50% of your weight. ![]() It comprises about 2/3 of the body water. Intracellular fluid (ICF): means the fluid present inside cells.The body water is effectively compartmentalized into two major divisions: The fluid compartments in healthy, normal men and women differ, because on weight basis, the female body contains more fat. The functions of organism are regulated so as to maintain the stability of the internal environment which is a physiological fact of great importance pointed out Claude Bernard. The blood is being continuously renewed by incoming and outgoing cells and solutes. An outstanding feature of blood is its uniform chemical composition and physical properties, thus assuring constant conditions for the functioning of the cells. The blood is the part of milieu interior that circulates rapidly within a closed system of vessels. The cerebrospinal fluid of central nervous system, the aqueous humor of eyes, and the fluid in the pleural and peritoneal cavities, joints, and the synovial sheaths are particular forms of interstitial fluid. The blood plasma, which circulates rapidly through all organs of body.The lymph contained in the lymphatic vessels, which circulates between tissues and blood.The interstitial or tissue fluids, which bathe the cells and circulate slowly.This milieu is formed by the extra cellular fluids, i.e. Muticellular organisms are surrounded by an external environment- air or water- but their cells live in a fluid environment which Claude Bernard in 1878 named the “milieu interior” (internal environment). When blood coagulates, it first becomes solid clot and then a fluid oozes out from clot, which is called the serum. Blood is made up of a liquid, the blood plasma, in which ells (erythrocytes, leukocytes, and platelets) and minute particles are suspended. Between these last two compartments the exchange of diffusible substances is easy and continuous, so they have a similar content of water and salts. ![]() One is within the cells, the intracellular fluid and the other two, outside the cells and forming the extra cellularfluid and includes interstitial fluid and blood plasma. The following conclusions were drawn: (1) Following major surgery, newborns show a steady decrease in ECF and minimal change in TBW in spite of adequate weight gain while receiving TPN.The body fluids are distributed in three compartments. ![]() There were no differences between the two groups in the intake and output of fluids. The ECF changes were more dramatic, decreasing from 51.6% to 32.3% in the gastroschisis infants, v 50.8% to 45.5% in the other neonates (P =. The TBW in the ten gastroschisis infants decreased from 87.3% to 78.0% v the ten other newborns, in whom there was no change (84.0% to 85.0%). TBW remained unchanged (from 85.4% to 83.0%), and ECF decreased from 51.2% to 36.7% during the observation period. Weight gain or maintenance was observed in all infants. Total body water was measured using deuterium oxide, and extracellular fluid volume was assayed with sodium bromide both were expressed as percent body weight (BW). Twenty newborns with major congenital anomalies (gastroschisis, 10 esophageal atresia, 4 ileal atresia, 3 omphalocele, 2 and malrotation, 1) were studied weekly for 4 weeks following surgery while being maintained on a standard protocol of total parenteral nutrition (TPN). In an attempt to define the changes that occur in TBW and ECF following neonatal surgery, the following prospective study was carried out. The neonate is born with an excess of total body water (TBW) in the range of 75% to 85% of body weight (v 60% in the adult), which is due to a large extracellular fluid volume (ECF) of 40% to 50% of body weight (v 20% in the adult).
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